Skip to main content
Profile
Ainekio Project
Robot familiar field notes
V1 + V2Build reference

Ainekio V1 and V2: Eight Servos Versus Twelve

Eight versus twelve servos: motion generation, measured feedback, processors and the current 650 g V2 battery/charger assembly, alongside dated motion ranges.

On this page
  1. Eight servos versus twelve#
  2. Mechanics and motion capability#
  3. Movement ranges: compare the quantities first#
  4. Controller and processing#
  5. Power supply, battery, charging and running time#
  6. Sources and next comparison#

Eight servos versus twelve#

V2 adds a third actuator per leg, an ESP32-P4 controller and shaft feedback. The October 26 hardware record reports a 650 g assembly with a 2S battery, Mini560 converter and HiLetgo USB-C charger. The current Freestyle work adds model-generated targets and measured arrival to the existing gait solver.

The October 8 standing/walking report and later failed trials remain part of the build history. The latest supported Stand/Walk test repaired a firmware reboot; it did not establish loaded floor-walking quality. Current body results and latest motion-training results. The downloadable motion ranges below remain the September 24 snapshot.

Wireless, with the Q6A offboard over Wi-Fi, is the current priority. Wired remains an onboard-Q6A/native-USB design alternative; native USB is not an implemented replacement for the current Wi-Fi body-command path. The software update compares their status and separates implemented controls from hardware qualification.

Physical V1 with an open black chassis, eight servos, red feet and exposed wiring.
V1 · physical robot. August 27 construction photograph.
V2 on the October 21 workbench with red face surround, linkage legs and exposed upper wiring.
V2 · October 21. Reassembled body and red face surround.

The images are not at the same scale. Both show physical prototypes, photographed on different dates; neither still image measures walking performance. Printed V2 leg prototypes are documented separately.

Mechanics and motion capability#

ComparisonV1 · eight servosV2 · twelve servos
Actuators per legTwo MG90SThree Miuzei MG90S with added potentiometer-wiper feedback wires
MechanismSesame-derived leg and open chassisShoulder roll plus coupled carrier/crank linkage; purpose-built supports, shell and underside
Foot placementPrimarily forward/backward and up/downAdds sideways placement and variable stance width
Motion generationStored poses and timed sequences; 38 named assetsFreestyle-generated joint/foot/body targets, shared gait solver, and legacy library retained for manual control
Speed controlsTiming of existing sequencesGait Speed or advanced stride/rate; separate named-motion multiplier; shared joint-speed limit can retime automatic motion while retaining the path
TurnsStored 45°, 90° and 180° left/right clips; open-loop heading estimatesContinuous forward/turn updates during an admitted Walk; loaded steering remains to measure
Expressive movementWave, bow, dances and other prepared gesturesPrepared gestures plus generated movements; brisk lift and rear-sway corrections approved in individual October 25 trials
Balance and terrainNo measured adaptive balance resultLive IMU telemetry and configurable local leveling implemented; loaded correction and adaptive terrain response remain unqualified
Physical evidenceWorking complete prototype; movement and audio demonstratedOctober 25 supported Stand/Walk passed after a firmware stack repair; loaded chatter and reliable floor walking remain unresolved

The V1 asset count is a finite library. A generated V2 program can combine targets, holds and face changes, with actual events requesting recovery. Counting named clips no longer describes its whole motion system.

Movement ranges: compare the quantities first#

Dataset date: September 24. The numbers below are preserved for comparison; they have not been regenerated for the later controller revisions or the October 5–6 compact-linkage candidate. The latest motion entry compares that candidate with the shared model and records its changed poses.

A commanded angle is not a measured mechanical limit. V1 uses logical controller angles. V2 uses signed Blender angles for three coupled inputs. Their zeros, joint axes and mechanisms differ; subtracting the numbers does not give a meaningful percentage increase in reachable workspace.

Range or movementV1V2
Software angle conventionLogical 0–180°; individual assets use subsetsSigned Blender angles for shoulder, carrier and crank, followed by per-joint calibration
Stored/sample envelopeCombined explicit targets span 0–180° across the eight channelsShoulder −96.99 to +17.57°; carrier −79.02 to +135.37°; crank −128.11 to +101.29°
Walking dataV1 forward-walk targets use 45–90° excursions on individual channels; detailed table in the journalSeptember 24 sampled forward-walk recording: shoulder −4.47 to +4.25°, carrier −46.05 to +22.88°, crank −107.48 to +29.56°
Sideways travelNo dedicated third leg actuator; no measured lateral workspace suppliedCrab planner specifies 32 mm sideways travel per full-stride cycle
Foot travel in walkingNo measured distance-per-cycle result in this review92 mm full planted sweep; nominal 131.43 mm advance per cycle at full stride
Whole-body usable limitsInstalled stops, loaded workspace and travel measurements not suppliedShoulder/body clearance, tracking, load and all-settings motion envelope remain unqualified

The September 24 V2 envelope above was extracted from 23 declared gesture sources, 14 locomotion recordings and the Run recording, pooling all four legs by input type. It excludes the retired fixed-angle turn recordings. Its shoulder maximum therefore differs from older audits that included those turns. The forward-walk row includes its recorded Speed changes, advanced settings and Finish; it is not the extrema of every possible walking control setting.

Download the per-recording, per-joint CSV and its read-only extraction script. The CSV includes source hashes, preserves the two angle conventions and also lists all V1 explicit target ranges. The gait journal retains the original V1 channel table and earlier linkage studies.

The October 5–6 compact candidate#

The shared model at 13fc3e4 and the offline candidate are distinct:

DimensionShared modelCompact candidate
Carrier40 mm35 mm
Crank24 mm20 mm
Pickup radius24 mm28 mm
Connecting rod38 mm38 mm
Distal leg55 mm55 mm

The candidate remaps all 23 named motions. Its selected Upright fit reaches 76.585 mm, compared with 90.339 mm in the baseline. Combined front-crank travel is 243.868°, exceeding the 225° span in the provisional servo mapping used by that study. Usable physical shaft travel remains unmeasured. These are pose/model comparisons, not approved mechanical limits. At the time of that study the candidate was separate. The October 26 working Blender assembly and geometry export now agree on 35 / 20 / 28 / 38 / 55 mm. The older pose values above remain results of their original study.

Earlier pulse-endpoint and assembly-mark studies retain their own dates in the gait journal. They should not be combined into a new calibration instruction without checking the actual installed assembly.

Controller and processing#

ComparisonV1V2
BoardFreenove ESP32-S3-WROOM CAM, N16R8Waveshare ESP32-P4-WIFI6; tested P4 revision 1.3
Main processorDual-core Xtensa LX7Dual-core high-performance RISC-V
Checked firmware clock160 MHz in local S3 configuration360 MHz in local P4 configuration
Flash / PSRAM16 MB / 8 MB32 MB / 32 MB
WirelessS3’s own 2.4 GHz Wi-FiSeparate ESP32-C6 coprocessor over SDIO
Servo signalsEight direct hardware PWM outputsPCA9685 driver for the twelve channels
Camera/audio hardwareOV3660 parallel camera; external microphone and I2S amplifierKit specifies OV5647 MIPI camera; onboard codec/audio path; installed peripheral operation needs its own evidence
Companion computerMetaHuman OS on a separate computerQ6A onboard for Wired or offboard for Wireless; QCS6490 eight-core CPU, Adreno 643 and Hexagon; audited unit has 11.288 GiB Linux-visible RAM
ROS 2No V1 integration in this reviewJazzy installed on Q6A; desktop messaging, recording and RViz checks recorded; robot adapter remains planned
Conversation and reasoningMetaHuman OS on the hostMetaHuman OS remains separate from P4 motion deadlines; ROS does not replace it

Processor families and board interfaces follow Espressif’s S3 description and the Waveshare board documentation. Memory and clock values above also follow the local board records and checked sdkconfig files. The S3 silicon supports up to 240 MHz; this checkout selects 160 MHz. These clock rates and memory capacities are not an application benchmark or evidence of longer battery life.

The P4 solves the leg linkage directly and plays compact gesture curves through one output controller. The September 28 website’s deployment record reports a 2,370,848-byte application, verified flash and boots, retained twelve-joint calibration and saved motion speed after reboot. Hardware checks cover startup Home and settings; loaded twelve-servo timing, tracking and power remain separate measurements.

The Q6A figures come from the September 28 resource audit. More RAM and different processors allow different workloads, but their specifications are not a measured speedup over V1. Live IMU telemetry and saved leveling controls now have dated firmware installation records. Loaded leveling, the ROS adapter and native-USB body path remain unqualified. SD video and Wi-Fi maintenance are additional P4 features, with controller tests separated from loaded motion.

Power supply, battery, charging and running time#

The separate-cell power arrangement is now identified in the October 26 hardware record. Earlier Anker and SHARGE bank plans remain historical iterations.

ComparisonV1V2 · October 26 record
Battery1,000 mAh LiPo, owner-reported2S pack; 73.6 × 46 × 22 mm measured envelope; capacity not recorded
Voltage / energy recordEarlier parts record: 2S, 7.4 V; nominal 7.4 Wh by multiplicationOctober 15 report: 8.4 V battery; usable energy not measured
ConversionExternal buck converterMini560; recorded 5 A rating, separate 5 V servo rail
ChargingExternal chargerOnboard HiLetgo 2S USB-C charger
Assembly massNo comparable mass supplied650 g, owner report recorded October 26; earlier 566 g belongs to October 13
Companion-computer powerSeparate hostSelected offboard Q6A has its own supply
Running timeNot measuredNot measured
Loaded consumptionNot suppliedCurrent peaks, loaded voltage and average power remain to measure

The revised V2 battery capacity is unspecified, so there is no current capacity-ratio comparison. A useful runtime estimate requires usable delivered energy in watt-hours and average whole-robot power: runtime in hours ≈ delivered Wh ÷ average W. Idle, walking and expressive motions need separately identified test conditions.

The September 24 Anker study and September 28 SHARGE budget preserve the earlier removable-bank iterations, including the proposed two-port 5 V / 3 A branch allocation. That allocation is historical, not a specification for the new batteries and charging boards. The October 6 rebuild records why the bank was dropped. The October 26 packaging record identifies the later pack, converter, charger and printed parts.

Sources and next comparison#

The motion-range dataset and original V1 comparison use the local Ainekio checkout after commit 3f872e7, including uncommitted September 24 work. The declared catalog, locomotion README, CONTROLLER_VALIDATION.md, model geometry, V1 seed motions, hardware records and both firmware configurations supplied the figures. The source manifest records snapshot hashes. The September 28 changes use robot commit 270537f, current controller validation and saved Blender review notes, identified in the September 28 source manifest. These are dated source and validation records, not a new hardware test performed for the website.

The October 6 manifest adds robot commit 13fc3e4, the later remote status change, local linkage research and Blender review records. The physical standing result, new battery direction and approximate improvement estimates come from Greg’s October 6 report.

The next comparison should add the completed assembly’s mass, physically measured foot workspace, loaded motion observations, delivered battery energy and timed runtime under stated gait settings.

October 8 update: current V2 physical observations and photograph come from the owner. See the new build entry and source manifest. Earlier range datasets and improvement estimates retain their original evidence boundaries.

October 12: shell/power and motion revisions, YOLOE and trained MetaHuman specialists extend this record. Model timings are desktop evidence, not a V1/V2 or Q6A hardware benchmark.

Ainekio V1 and V2: Eight Servos Versus Twelve
https://ainek.io/posts/v1-v2-comparison/
Author
Ainekio
Published at
2026-09-24
License
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0